Constant load with 10k nodes randomized SF7–SF12, 12‑B payload @ 10 min.
| Channels | Packets/min | CPU Load (%) | Drop Rate (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8 | 4,800 | 38 | <0.3 |
| 16 | 9,450 | 61 | <0.5 |
Full TX duty in chamber @ 50°C ambient for 8 h.
| Ambient (°C) | Case (°C) | Throttling |
|---|---|---|
| 50 | 64 | None |
| 55 | 69 | None |
| 60 | 74 | Minor (<5%) |
Round‑trip latency to cloud MQTT broker (Dubai) with 99% availability.
| Backhaul | Median (ms) | P95 (ms) |
|---|---|---|
| 5G SA | 22 | 46 |
| 5G NSA | 29 | 55 |
| LTE Cat‑6 | 48 | 95 |
Outdoor pole mount during heavy rain (45 mm/h).
| SNR (dB) | Uplink Success (%) |
|---|---|
| +10 | 99.9 |
| +3 | 99.5 |
| −5 | 98.1 |